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How to Configure DFS to Use Fully Qualified Domain Names in Referrals
Distributed File System (DFS) is a feature of Windows Server that allows you to create a virtual namespace for shared folders across multiple servers. DFS can improve the availability, scalability, and performance of file access in your network. However, some clients may not be able to resolve the NetBIOS names of the DFS targets by default. In this article, we will show you how to configure DFS to use fully qualified domain names (FQDN) in referrals, which can help you avoid name resolution issues and support clients that do not use NetBIOS.
Prerequisites
Before you start, make sure that you have the following:
A Windows Server 2012 R2 or later computer that hosts a DFS namespace.
A DNS suffix for resolution of qualified names on the client.
Verified DNS records of file server targets, and created host records as required.
Backup of the namespace metadata.
Steps
To configure DFS to use FQDN referrals, follow these steps:
Enable the DFSN FQDN root referral behavior on the DFS namespace server. To do this, use one of the following methods:
Run the following PowerShell command: Set-DfsnServerConfiguration -ComputerName ServerName -UseFqdn $true
Run the following command prompt command: Dfsutil.exe server registry dfsdnsconfig set ServerName
Restart the DFSN service on the DFS namespace server. To do this, use one of the following methods:
Run the following PowerShell commands: Stop-Service dfs; Start-Service dfs
Run the following command prompt commands: Net stop dfs; Net start dfs
If required, update the namespace metadata for each folder target so that the folder referrals use appropriate FQDN names for folder targets. To do this, use one of the following methods:
Run the following PowerShell command: Set-DfsnFolderTarget -Path \\Domain\Namespace\Folder -TargetPath \\Server.FQDN\Share -State Online
Run the following command prompt command: Dfsutil.exe property state online \\Domain\Namespace\Folder \\Server.FQDN\Share
References
For more information about DFS and FQDN referrals, see the following sources:
Configure DFS to use domain names - Windows Server | Microsoft Learn
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Benefits of Using FQDN Referrals
By configuring DFS to use FQDN referrals, you can enjoy the following benefits:
Improve the compatibility of DFS with clients that do not use NetBIOS, such as Linux or Mac OS X clients.
Reduce the dependency on WINS servers for name resolution.
Support clients that use different DNS name suffixes than the DFS namespace server.
Enhance the security of DFS by using SSL/TLS certificates for FQDN referrals.
Limitations and Considerations of Using FQDN Referrals
Before you enable FQDN referrals for DFS, you should be aware of the following limitations and considerations:
FQDN referrals are only supported for domain-based namespaces, not for stand-alone namespaces.
FQDN referrals are only supported for Windows Server 2012 R2 or later DFS namespace servers and clients.
FQDN referrals may cause longer referral times and larger referral sizes than NetBIOS referrals.
FQDN referrals may require additional configuration of firewalls and proxy servers to allow FQDN traffic. 061ffe29dd